#include <deal.II/fe/fe_raviart_thomas.h>

Inheritance diagram for FE_RaviartThomas< dim >:

Public Member Functions
	FE_RaviartThomas (const unsigned int p)

virtual std::string	get_name () const override

virtual std::unique_ptr< FiniteElement< dim, dim > >	clone () const override

virtual bool	has_support_on_face (const unsigned int shape_index, const unsigned int face_index) const override

virtual void	convert_generalized_support_point_values_to_dof_values (const std::vector< Vector< double >> &support_point_values, std::vector< double > &nodal_values) const override

virtual std::pair< Table< 2, bool >, std::vector< unsigned int > >	get_constant_modes () const override

virtual std::size_t	memory_consumption () const override

Public Member Functions inherited from FE_PolyTensor< dim >
	FE_PolyTensor (const TensorPolynomialsBase< dim > &polynomials, const FiniteElementData< dim > &fe_data, const std::vector< bool > &restriction_is_additive_flags, const std::vector< ComponentMask > &nonzero_components)

	FE_PolyTensor (const FE_PolyTensor &fe)

virtual UpdateFlags	requires_update_flags (const UpdateFlags update_flags) const override

virtual double	shape_value (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p) const override

virtual double	shape_value_component (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component) const override

virtual Tensor< 1, dim >	shape_grad (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p) const override

virtual Tensor< 1, dim >	shape_grad_component (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component) const override

virtual Tensor< 2, dim >	shape_grad_grad (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p) const override

virtual Tensor< 2, dim >	shape_grad_grad_component (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component) const override

Public Member Functions inherited from FiniteElement< dim, dim >
	FiniteElement (const FiniteElementData< dim > &fe_data, const std::vector< bool > &restriction_is_additive_flags, const std::vector< ComponentMask > &nonzero_components)

	FiniteElement (FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &&)=default

	FiniteElement (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &)=default

virtual	~FiniteElement () override=default

std::pair< std::unique_ptr< FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > >, unsigned int >	operator^ (const unsigned int multiplicity) const

virtual std::unique_ptr< FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > >	clone () const=0

virtual std::string	get_name () const=0

const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &	operator[] (const unsigned int fe_index) const

virtual Tensor< 3, dim >	shape_3rd_derivative (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p) const

virtual Tensor< 3, dim >	shape_3rd_derivative_component (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component) const

virtual Tensor< 4, dim >	shape_4th_derivative (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p) const

virtual Tensor< 4, dim >	shape_4th_derivative_component (const unsigned int i, const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component) const

virtual const FullMatrix< double > &	get_restriction_matrix (const unsigned int child, const RefinementCase< dim > &refinement_case=RefinementCase< dim >::isotropic_refinement) const

virtual const FullMatrix< double > &	get_prolongation_matrix (const unsigned int child, const RefinementCase< dim > &refinement_case=RefinementCase< dim >::isotropic_refinement) const

bool	prolongation_is_implemented () const

bool	isotropic_prolongation_is_implemented () const

bool	restriction_is_implemented () const

bool	isotropic_restriction_is_implemented () const

bool	restriction_is_additive (const unsigned int index) const

const FullMatrix< double > &	constraints (const ::internal::SubfaceCase< dim > &subface_case=::internal::SubfaceCase< dim >::case_isotropic) const

bool	constraints_are_implemented (const ::internal::SubfaceCase< dim > &subface_case=::internal::SubfaceCase< dim >::case_isotropic) const

virtual bool	hp_constraints_are_implemented () const

virtual void	get_interpolation_matrix (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &source, FullMatrix< double > &matrix) const

virtual void	get_face_interpolation_matrix (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &source, FullMatrix< double > &matrix) const

virtual void	get_subface_interpolation_matrix (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &source, const unsigned int subface, FullMatrix< double > &matrix) const

virtual std::vector< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > >	hp_vertex_dof_identities (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &fe_other) const

virtual std::vector< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > >	hp_line_dof_identities (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &fe_other) const

virtual std::vector< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > >	hp_quad_dof_identities (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &fe_other) const

virtual FiniteElementDomination::Domination	compare_for_face_domination (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &fe_other) const final

virtual FiniteElementDomination::Domination	compare_for_domination (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &fe_other, const unsigned int codim=0) const

virtual bool	operator== (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &fe) const

bool	operator!= (const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &) const

std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >	system_to_component_index (const unsigned int index) const

unsigned int	component_to_system_index (const unsigned int component, const unsigned int index) const

std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >	face_system_to_component_index (const unsigned int index) const

unsigned int	adjust_quad_dof_index_for_face_orientation (const unsigned int index, const bool face_orientation, const bool face_flip, const bool face_rotation) const

virtual unsigned int	face_to_cell_index (const unsigned int face_dof_index, const unsigned int face, const bool face_orientation=true, const bool face_flip=false, const bool face_rotation=false) const

unsigned int	adjust_line_dof_index_for_line_orientation (const unsigned int index, const bool line_orientation) const

const ComponentMask &	get_nonzero_components (const unsigned int i) const

unsigned int	n_nonzero_components (const unsigned int i) const

bool	is_primitive () const

bool	is_primitive (const unsigned int i) const

unsigned int	n_base_elements () const

virtual const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &	base_element (const unsigned int index) const

unsigned int	element_multiplicity (const unsigned int index) const

const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &	get_sub_fe (const ComponentMask &mask) const

virtual const FiniteElement< dim, spacedim > &	get_sub_fe (const unsigned int first_component, const unsigned int n_selected_components) const

std::pair< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >, unsigned int >	system_to_base_index (const unsigned int index) const

std::pair< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >, unsigned int >	face_system_to_base_index (const unsigned int index) const

types::global_dof_index	first_block_of_base (const unsigned int b) const

std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >	component_to_base_index (const unsigned int component) const

std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >	block_to_base_index (const unsigned int block) const

std::pair< unsigned int, types::global_dof_index >	system_to_block_index (const unsigned int component) const

unsigned int	component_to_block_index (const unsigned int component) const

ComponentMask	component_mask (const FEValuesExtractors::Scalar &scalar) const

ComponentMask	component_mask (const FEValuesExtractors::Vector &vector) const

ComponentMask	component_mask (const FEValuesExtractors::SymmetricTensor< 2 > &sym_tensor) const

ComponentMask	component_mask (const BlockMask &block_mask) const

BlockMask	block_mask (const FEValuesExtractors::Scalar &scalar) const

BlockMask	block_mask (const FEValuesExtractors::Vector &vector) const

BlockMask	block_mask (const FEValuesExtractors::SymmetricTensor< 2 > &sym_tensor) const

BlockMask	block_mask (const ComponentMask &component_mask) const

virtual std::pair< Table< 2, bool >, std::vector< unsigned int > >	get_constant_modes () const

const std::vector< Point< dim > > &	get_unit_support_points () const

bool	has_support_points () const

virtual Point< dim >	unit_support_point (const unsigned int index) const

const std::vector< Point< dim - 1 > > &	get_unit_face_support_points () const

bool	has_face_support_points () const

virtual Point< dim - 1 >	unit_face_support_point (const unsigned int index) const

const std::vector< Point< dim > > &	get_generalized_support_points () const

bool	has_generalized_support_points () const

GeometryPrimitive	get_associated_geometry_primitive (const unsigned int cell_dof_index) const

virtual std::size_t	memory_consumption () const

Public Member Functions inherited from Subscriptor
	Subscriptor ()

	Subscriptor (const Subscriptor &)

	Subscriptor (Subscriptor &&) noexcept

virtual	~Subscriptor ()

Subscriptor &	operator= (const Subscriptor &)

Subscriptor &	operator= (Subscriptor &&) noexcept

void	subscribe (std::atomic< bool > *const validity, const std::string &identifier="") const

void	unsubscribe (std::atomic< bool > *const validity, const std::string &identifier="") const

unsigned int	n_subscriptions () const

template<typename StreamType >
void	list_subscribers (StreamType &stream) const

void	list_subscribers () const

template<class Archive >
void	serialize (Archive &ar, const unsigned int version)

Public Member Functions inherited from FiniteElementData< dim >
	FiniteElementData (const std::vector< unsigned int > &dofs_per_object, const unsigned int n_components, const unsigned int degree, const Conformity conformity=unknown, const BlockIndices &block_indices=BlockIndices())

unsigned int	n_dofs_per_vertex () const

unsigned int	n_dofs_per_line () const

unsigned int	n_dofs_per_quad () const

unsigned int	n_dofs_per_hex () const

unsigned int	n_dofs_per_face () const

unsigned int	n_dofs_per_cell () const

template<int structdim>
unsigned int	n_dofs_per_object () const

unsigned int	n_components () const

unsigned int	n_blocks () const

const BlockIndices &	block_indices () const

unsigned int	tensor_degree () const

bool	conforms (const Conformity) const

bool	operator== (const FiniteElementData &) const

Private Member Functions
void	initialize_support_points (const unsigned int rt_degree)

void	initialize_restriction ()

void	initialize_restriction ()

Static Private Member Functions
static std::vector< unsigned int >	get_dpo_vector (const unsigned int degree)

Private Attributes
Table< 2, double >	boundary_weights

Table< 3, double >	interior_weights

Friends
template<int dim1>
class	FE_RaviartThomas

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from FiniteElementData< dim >
enum	Conformity { unknown = 0x00, L2 = 0x01, Hcurl = 0x02, Hdiv = 0x04, H1 = Hcurl \| Hdiv, H2 = 0x0e }

Static Public Member Functions inherited from FiniteElement< dim, dim >
static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcShapeFunctionNotPrimitive (int arg1)

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcFENotPrimitive ()

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcUnitShapeValuesDoNotExist ()

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcFEHasNoSupportPoints ()

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcEmbeddingVoid ()

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcProjectionVoid ()

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcWrongInterfaceMatrixSize (int arg1, int arg2)

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcInterpolationNotImplemented ()

Static Public Member Functions inherited from Subscriptor
static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcInUse (int arg1, std::string arg2, std::string arg3)

static ::ExceptionBase &	ExcNoSubscriber (std::string arg1, std::string arg2)

Public Attributes inherited from FiniteElementData< dim >
const unsigned int	dofs_per_vertex

const unsigned int	dofs_per_line

const unsigned int	dofs_per_quad

const unsigned int	dofs_per_hex

const unsigned int	first_line_index

const unsigned int	first_quad_index

const unsigned int	first_hex_index

const unsigned int	first_face_line_index

const unsigned int	first_face_quad_index

const unsigned int	dofs_per_face

const unsigned int	dofs_per_cell

const unsigned int	components

const unsigned int	degree

const Conformity	conforming_space

const BlockIndices	block_indices_data

Static Public Attributes inherited from FiniteElement< dim, dim >
static const unsigned int	space_dimension

Static Public Attributes inherited from FiniteElementData< dim >
static const unsigned int	dimension = dim

Protected Member Functions inherited from FE_PolyTensor< dim >
bool	single_mapping_kind () const

MappingKind	get_mapping_kind (const unsigned int i) const

virtual std::unique_ptr< typename FiniteElement< dim, dim >::InternalDataBase >	get_data (const UpdateFlags update_flags, const Mapping< dim, dim > &, const Quadrature< dim > &quadrature, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, dim > &) const override

virtual void	fill_fe_values (const typename Triangulation< dim, dim >::cell_iterator &cell, const CellSimilarity::Similarity cell_similarity, const Quadrature< dim > &quadrature, const Mapping< dim, dim > &mapping, const typename Mapping< dim, dim >::InternalDataBase &mapping_internal, const ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::MappingRelatedData< dim, dim > &mapping_data, const typename FiniteElement< dim, dim >::InternalDataBase &fe_internal, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, dim > &output_data) const override

virtual void	fill_fe_face_values (const typename Triangulation< dim, dim >::cell_iterator &cell, const unsigned int face_no, const Quadrature< dim - 1 > &quadrature, const Mapping< dim, dim > &mapping, const typename Mapping< dim, dim >::InternalDataBase &mapping_internal, const ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::MappingRelatedData< dim, dim > &mapping_data, const typename FiniteElement< dim, dim >::InternalDataBase &fe_internal, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, dim > &output_data) const override

virtual void	fill_fe_subface_values (const typename Triangulation< dim, dim >::cell_iterator &cell, const unsigned int face_no, const unsigned int sub_no, const Quadrature< dim - 1 > &quadrature, const Mapping< dim, dim > &mapping, const typename Mapping< dim, dim >::InternalDataBase &mapping_internal, const ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::MappingRelatedData< dim, dim > &mapping_data, const typename FiniteElement< dim, dim >::InternalDataBase &fe_internal, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, dim > &output_data) const override

Protected Member Functions inherited from FiniteElement< dim, dim >
void	reinit_restriction_and_prolongation_matrices (const bool isotropic_restriction_only=false, const bool isotropic_prolongation_only=false)

TableIndices< 2 >	interface_constraints_size () const

virtual std::unique_ptr< InternalDataBase >	get_data (const UpdateFlags update_flags, const Mapping< dim, spacedim > &mapping, const Quadrature< dim > &quadrature, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &output_data) const=0

virtual std::unique_ptr< InternalDataBase >	get_face_data (const UpdateFlags update_flags, const Mapping< dim, spacedim > &mapping, const Quadrature< dim - 1 > &quadrature, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &output_data) const

virtual std::unique_ptr< InternalDataBase >	get_subface_data (const UpdateFlags update_flags, const Mapping< dim, spacedim > &mapping, const Quadrature< dim - 1 > &quadrature, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &output_data) const

virtual void	fill_fe_values (const typename Triangulation< dim, spacedim >::cell_iterator &cell, const CellSimilarity::Similarity cell_similarity, const Quadrature< dim > &quadrature, const Mapping< dim, spacedim > &mapping, const typename Mapping< dim, spacedim >::InternalDataBase &mapping_internal, const ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::MappingRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &mapping_data, const InternalDataBase &fe_internal, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &output_data) const=0

virtual void	fill_fe_face_values (const typename Triangulation< dim, spacedim >::cell_iterator &cell, const unsigned int face_no, const Quadrature< dim - 1 > &quadrature, const Mapping< dim, spacedim > &mapping, const typename Mapping< dim, spacedim >::InternalDataBase &mapping_internal, const ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::MappingRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &mapping_data, const InternalDataBase &fe_internal, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &output_data) const=0

virtual void	fill_fe_subface_values (const typename Triangulation< dim, spacedim >::cell_iterator &cell, const unsigned int face_no, const unsigned int sub_no, const Quadrature< dim - 1 > &quadrature, const Mapping< dim, spacedim > &mapping, const typename Mapping< dim, spacedim >::InternalDataBase &mapping_internal, const ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::MappingRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &mapping_data, const InternalDataBase &fe_internal, ::internal::FEValuesImplementation::FiniteElementRelatedData< dim, spacedim > &output_data) const=0

Static Protected Member Functions inherited from FiniteElement< dim, dim >
static std::vector< unsigned int >	compute_n_nonzero_components (const std::vector< ComponentMask > &nonzero_components)

Protected Attributes inherited from FE_PolyTensor< dim >
std::vector< MappingKind >	mapping_kind

const std::unique_ptr< const TensorPolynomialsBase< dim > >	poly_space

FullMatrix< double >	inverse_node_matrix

std::mutex	cache_mutex

Point< dim >	cached_point

std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim > >	cached_values

std::vector< Tensor< 2, dim > >	cached_grads

std::vector< Tensor< 3, dim > >	cached_grad_grads

Protected Attributes inherited from FiniteElement< dim, dim >
std::vector< std::vector< FullMatrix< double > > >	restriction

std::vector< std::vector< FullMatrix< double > > >	prolongation

FullMatrix< double >	interface_constraints

std::vector< Point< dim > >	unit_support_points

std::vector< Point< dim - 1 > >	unit_face_support_points

std::vector< Point< dim > >	generalized_support_points

std::vector< Point< dim - 1 > >	generalized_face_support_points

Table< 2, int >	adjust_quad_dof_index_for_face_orientation_table

std::vector< int >	adjust_line_dof_index_for_line_orientation_table

std::vector< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > >	system_to_component_table

std::vector< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > >	face_system_to_component_table

std::vector< std::pair< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >, unsigned int > >	system_to_base_table

std::vector< std::pair< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >, unsigned int > >	face_system_to_base_table

BlockIndices	base_to_block_indices

std::vector< std::pair< std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int >, unsigned int > >	component_to_base_table

const std::vector< bool >	restriction_is_additive_flags

const std::vector< ComponentMask >	nonzero_components

const std::vector< unsigned int >	n_nonzero_components_table

const bool	cached_primitivity

Detailed Description

template<int dim>
class FE_RaviartThomas< dim >

Implementation of Raviart-Thomas (RT) elements. The Raviart-Thomas space is designed to solve problems in which the solution only lives in the space \(H^\text{div}=\{ {\mathbf u} \in L_2: \text{div}\, {\mathbf u} \in L_2\}\), rather than in the more commonly used space \(H^1=\{ u \in L_2: \nabla u \in L_2\}\). In other words, the solution must be a vector field whose divergence is square integrable, but for which the gradient may not be square integrable. The typical application for this space (and these elements) is to the mixed formulation of the Laplace equation and related situations, see for example step-20. The defining characteristic of functions in \(H^\text{div}\) is that they are in general discontinuous – but that if you draw a line in 2d (or a surface in 3d), then the normal component of the vector field must be continuous across the line (or surface) even though the tangential component may not be. As a consequence, the Raviart-Thomas element is constructed in such a way that (i) it is vector-valued, (ii) the shape functions are discontinuous, but (iii) the normal component of the vector field represented by each shape function is continuous across the faces of cells.

Other properties of the Raviart-Thomas element are that (i) it is not a primitive element; (ii) the shape functions are defined so that certain integrals over the faces are either zero or one, rather than the common case of certain point values being either zero or one. (There is, however, the FE_RaviartThomasNodal element that uses point values.)

We follow the commonly used – though confusing – definition of the "degree" of RT elements. Specifically, the "degree" of the element denotes the polynomial degree of the largest complete polynomial subspace contained in the finite element space, even if the space may contain shape functions of higher polynomial degree. The lowest order element is consequently FE_RaviartThomas(0), i.e., the Raviart-Thomas element "of degree zero", even though the functions of this space are in general polynomials of degree one in each variable. This choice of "degree" implies that the approximation order of the function itself is degree+1, as with usual polynomial spaces. The numbering so chosen implies the sequence

\[ Q_{k+1} \stackrel{\text{grad}}{\rightarrow} \text{Nedelec}_k \stackrel{\text{curl}}{\rightarrow} \text{RaviartThomas}_k \stackrel{\text{div}}{\rightarrow} DGQ_{k} \]

This class is not implemented for the codimension one case (spacedim != dim).

Interpolation

The interpolation operators associated with the RT element are constructed such that interpolation and computing the divergence are commuting operations. We require this from interpolating arbitrary functions as well as the restriction matrices. It can be achieved by two interpolation schemes, the simplified one in FE_RaviartThomasNodal and the original one here:

Node values on edges/faces

On edges or faces, the node values are the moments of the normal component of the interpolated function with respect to the traces of the RT polynomials. Since the normal trace of the RT space of degree k on an edge/face is the space Q_k, the moments are taken with respect to this space.

Interior node values

Higher order RT spaces have interior nodes. These are moments taken with respect to the gradient of functions in Q_k on the cell (this space is the matching space for RT_k in a mixed formulation).

Generalized support points

The node values above rely on integrals, which will be computed by quadrature rules themselves. The generalized support points are a set of points such that this quadrature can be performed with sufficient accuracy. The points needed are those of QGauss_k+1 on each face as well as QGauss_k+1 in the interior of the cell (or none for RT₀).

Author: Guido Kanschat, 2005, based on previous work by Wolfgang Bangerth.

Definition at line 130 of file fe_raviart_thomas.h.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ FE_RaviartThomas()

template<int dim>

FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::FE_RaviartThomas ( const unsigned int p )

Constructor for the Raviart-Thomas element of degree p.

Definition at line 47 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

Member Function Documentation

◆ get_name()

template<int dim>

std::string FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::get_name

overridevirtual

Return a string that uniquely identifies a finite element. This class returns FE_RaviartThomas<dim>(degree), with dim and degree replaced by appropriate values.

Definition at line 115 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ clone()

template<int dim>

std::unique_ptr< FiniteElement< dim, dim > > FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::clone

overridevirtual

Definition at line 137 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ has_support_on_face()

template<int dim>

bool FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::has_support_on_face	(	const unsigned int	shape_index,
		const unsigned int	face_index
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function returns true, if the shape function shape_index has non-zero function values somewhere on the face face_index.

Right now, this is only implemented for RT0 in 1D. Otherwise, returns always true.

Reimplemented from FiniteElement< dim, dim >.

Definition at line 442 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ convert_generalized_support_point_values_to_dof_values()

template<int dim>

void FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::convert_generalized_support_point_values_to_dof_values	(	const std::vector< Vector< double >> &	support_point_values,
		std::vector< double > &	nodal_values
	)		const

overridevirtual

Given the values of a function \(f(\mathbf x)\) at the (generalized) support points of the reference cell, this function then computes what the nodal values of the element are, i.e., \(\Psi_i[f]\), where \(\Psi_i\) are the node functionals of the element (see also Node values or node functionals). The values \(\Psi_i[f]\) are then the expansion coefficients for the shape functions of the finite element function that interpolates the given function \(f(x)\), i.e., \( f_h(\mathbf x) = \sum_i \Psi_i[f] \varphi_i(\mathbf x) \) is the finite element interpolant of \(f\) with the current element. The operation described here is used, for example, in the FETools::compute_node_matrix() function.

In more detail, let us assume that the generalized support points (see this glossary entry ) of the current element are \(\hat{\mathbf x}_i\) and that the node functionals associated with the current element are \(\Psi_i[\cdot]\). Then, the fact that the element is based on generalized support points, implies that if we apply \(\Psi_i\) to a (possibly vector-valued) finite element function \(\varphi\), the result must have the form \(\Psi_i[\varphi] = f_i(\varphi(\hat{\mathbf x}_i))\) – in other words, the value of the node functional \(\Psi_i\) applied to \(\varphi\) only depends on the values of \(\varphi\) at \(\hat{\mathbf x}_i\) and not on values anywhere else, or integrals of \(\varphi\), or any other kind of information.

The exact form of \(f_i\) depends on the element. For example, for scalar Lagrange elements, we have that in fact \(\Psi_i[\varphi] = \varphi(\hat{\mathbf x}_i)\). If you combine multiple scalar Lagrange elements via an FESystem object, then \(\Psi_i[\varphi] = \varphi(\hat{\mathbf x}_i)_{c(i)}\) where \(c(i)\) is the result of the FiniteElement::system_to_component_index() function's return value's first component. In these two cases, \(f_i\) is therefore simply the identity (in the scalar case) or a function that selects a particular vector component of its argument. On the other hand, for Raviart-Thomas elements, one would have that \(f_i(\mathbf y) = \mathbf y \cdot \mathbf n_i\) where \(\mathbf n_i\) is the normal vector of the face at which the shape function is defined.

Given all of this, what this function does is the following: If you input a list of values of a function \(\varphi\) at all generalized support points (where each value is in fact a vector of values with as many components as the element has), then this function returns a vector of values obtained by applying the node functionals to these values. In other words, if you pass in \(\{\varphi(\hat{\mathbf x}_i)\}_{i=0}^{N-1}\) then you will get out a vector \(\{\Psi[\varphi]\}_{i=0}^{N-1}\) where \(N\) equals dofs_per_cell.

Parameters

[in]	support_point_values	An array of size `dofs_per_cell` (which equals the number of points the get_generalized_support_points() function will return) where each element is a vector with as many entries as the element has vector components. This array should contain the values of a function at the generalized support points of the current element.
[out]	nodal_values	An array of size `dofs_per_cell` that contains the node functionals of the element applied to the given function.

Note: It is safe to call this function for (transformed) values on the real cell only for elements with trivial MappingKind. For all other elements (for example for H(curl), or H(div) conforming elements) vector values have to be transformed to the reference cell first.; Given what the function is supposed to do, the function clearly can only work for elements that actually implement (generalized) support points. Elements that do not have generalized support points – e.g., elements whose nodal functionals evaluate integrals or moments of functions (such as FE_Q_Hierarchical) – can in general not make sense of the operation that is required for this function. They consequently may not implement it.

Reimplemented from FiniteElement< dim, dim >.

Definition at line 484 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ get_constant_modes()

template<int dim>

std::pair< Table< 2, bool >, std::vector< unsigned int > > FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::get_constant_modes

overridevirtual

Return a list of constant modes of the element. This method is currently not correctly implemented because it returns ones for all components.

Definition at line 420 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ memory_consumption()

template<int dim>

std::size_t FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::memory_consumption

overridevirtual

Definition at line 527 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ get_dpo_vector()

template<int dim>

std::vector< unsigned int > FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::get_dpo_vector ( const unsigned int degree )

staticprivate

Only for internal use. Its full name is get_dofs_per_object_vector function and it creates the dofs_per_object vector that is needed within the constructor to be passed to the constructor of FiniteElementData.

Definition at line 398 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ initialize_support_points()

template<int dim>

void FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::initialize_support_points ( const unsigned int rt_degree )

private

Initialize the generalized_support_points field of the FiniteElement class and fill the tables with interpolation weights (boundary_weights and interior_weights). Called from the constructor.

Definition at line 150 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ initialize_restriction() [1/2]

template<int dim>

void FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::initialize_restriction

private

Initialize the interpolation from functions on refined mesh cells onto the father cell. According to the philosophy of the Raviart-Thomas element, this restriction operator preserves the divergence of a function weakly.

Definition at line 266 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

◆ initialize_restriction() [2/2]

void FE_RaviartThomas< 1 >::initialize_restriction ( )

private

Definition at line 243 of file fe_raviart_thomas.cc.

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ FE_RaviartThomas

template<int dim>

template<int dim1>

friend class FE_RaviartThomas

friend

Definition at line 226 of file fe_raviart_thomas.h.

Member Data Documentation

◆ boundary_weights

template<int dim>

Table<2, double> FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::boundary_weights

private

These are the factors multiplied to a function in the generalized_face_support_points when computing the integration. They are organized such that there is one row for each generalized face support point and one column for each degree of freedom on the face.

See the glossary entry on generalized support points for more information.

Definition at line 214 of file fe_raviart_thomas.h.

◆ interior_weights

template<int dim>

Table<3, double> FE_RaviartThomas< dim >::interior_weights

private

Precomputed factors for interpolation of interior degrees of freedom. The rationale for this Table is the same as for boundary_weights. Only, this table has a third coordinate for the space direction of the component evaluated.

Definition at line 222 of file fe_raviart_thomas.h.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

include/deal.II/fe/fe_raviart_thomas.h
source/fe/fe_raviart_thomas.cc

Public Member Functions

Private Member Functions

Static Private Member Functions

Private Attributes

Friends

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

template<int dim> class FE_RaviartThomas< dim >

Interpolation

Node values on edges/faces

Interior node values

Generalized support points

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ FE_RaviartThomas()

Member Function Documentation

◆ get_name()

◆ clone()

◆ has_support_on_face()

◆ convert_generalized_support_point_values_to_dof_values()

◆ get_constant_modes()

◆ memory_consumption()

◆ get_dpo_vector()

◆ initialize_support_points()

◆ initialize_restriction() [1/2]

◆ initialize_restriction() [2/2]

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ FE_RaviartThomas

Member Data Documentation

◆ boundary_weights

◆ interior_weights

template<int dim>
class FE_RaviartThomas< dim >