Reference documentation for deal.II version 9.6.0
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#include <deal.II/base/function_parser.h>
Public Types | |
using | ConstMap = std::map<std::string, double> |
enum | DifferenceFormula { Euler , UpwindEuler , FourthOrder } |
using | time_type |
Public Member Functions | |
FunctionParser (const unsigned int n_components=1, const double initial_time=0.0, const double h=1e-8) | |
FunctionParser (const std::string &expression, const std::string &constants="", const std::string &variable_names=default_variable_names()+",t", const double h=1e-8) | |
FunctionParser (const FunctionParser &)=delete | |
FunctionParser (FunctionParser &&)=delete | |
FunctionParser & | operator= (const FunctionParser &)=delete |
FunctionParser & | operator= (FunctionParser &&)=delete |
virtual void | initialize (const std::string &vars, const std::vector< std::string > &expressions, const ConstMap &constants, const bool time_dependent=false) override |
void | initialize (const std::string &vars, const std::string &expression, const ConstMap &constants, const bool time_dependent=false) |
virtual double | value (const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component=0) const override |
const std::vector< std::string > & | get_expressions () const |
void | set_formula (const DifferenceFormula formula=Euler) |
void | set_h (const double h) |
virtual Tensor< 1, dim > | gradient (const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component=0) const override |
virtual void | vector_gradient (const Point< dim > &p, std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim > > &gradients) const override |
virtual void | vector_gradient (const Point< dim > &p, std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim, RangeNumberType > > &gradients) const |
virtual void | gradient_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim > > &gradients, const unsigned int component=0) const override |
virtual void | gradient_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim, RangeNumberType > > &gradients, const unsigned int component=0) const |
virtual void | vector_gradient_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim > > > &gradients) const override |
virtual void | vector_gradient_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim, RangeNumberType > > > &gradients) const |
virtual void | vector_value (const Point< dim > &p, Vector< RangeNumberType > &values) const |
virtual void | value_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< RangeNumberType > &values, const unsigned int component=0) const |
virtual void | vector_value_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< Vector< RangeNumberType > > &values) const |
virtual void | vector_values (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< std::vector< RangeNumberType > > &values) const |
virtual void | vector_gradients (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim, RangeNumberType > > > &gradients) const |
virtual RangeNumberType | laplacian (const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component=0) const |
virtual void | vector_laplacian (const Point< dim > &p, Vector< RangeNumberType > &values) const |
virtual void | laplacian_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< RangeNumberType > &values, const unsigned int component=0) const |
virtual void | vector_laplacian_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< Vector< RangeNumberType > > &values) const |
virtual SymmetricTensor< 2, dim, RangeNumberType > | hessian (const Point< dim > &p, const unsigned int component=0) const |
virtual void | vector_hessian (const Point< dim > &p, std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim, RangeNumberType > > &values) const |
virtual void | hessian_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim, RangeNumberType > > &values, const unsigned int component=0) const |
virtual void | vector_hessian_list (const std::vector< Point< dim > > &points, std::vector< std::vector< SymmetricTensor< 2, dim, RangeNumberType > > > &values) const |
virtual std::size_t | memory_consumption () const |
numbers::NumberTraits< double >::real_type | get_time () const |
virtual void | set_time (const numbers::NumberTraits< double >::real_type new_time) |
virtual void | advance_time (const numbers::NumberTraits< double >::real_type delta_t) |
template<class Archive > | |
void | serialize (Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) |
Subscriptor functionality | |
Classes derived from Subscriptor provide a facility to subscribe to this object. This is mostly used by the SmartPointer class. | |
void | subscribe (std::atomic< bool > *const validity, const std::string &identifier="") const |
void | unsubscribe (std::atomic< bool > *const validity, const std::string &identifier="") const |
unsigned int | n_subscriptions () const |
template<typename StreamType > | |
void | list_subscribers (StreamType &stream) const |
void | list_subscribers () const |
Static Public Member Functions | |
static std::string | default_variable_names () |
static ::ExceptionBase & | ExcParseError (int arg1, std::string arg2) |
static ::ExceptionBase & | ExcInvalidExpressionSize (int arg1, int arg2) |
static DifferenceFormula | get_formula_of_order (const unsigned int ord) |
static ::ExceptionBase & | ExcInUse (int arg1, std::string arg2, std::string arg3) |
static ::ExceptionBase & | ExcNoSubscriber (std::string arg1, std::string arg2) |
Public Attributes | |
const unsigned int | n_components |
Static Public Attributes | |
static constexpr unsigned int | dimension = dim |
Protected Member Functions | |
void | init_muparser () const |
double | do_value (const Point< dim > &p, const double time, unsigned int component) const |
void | do_all_values (const Point< dim > &p, const double time, ArrayView< double > &values) const |
Protected Attributes | |
std::vector< std::string > | expressions |
Private Types | |
using | map_value_type = decltype(counter_map)::value_type |
using | map_iterator = decltype(counter_map)::iterator |
Private Member Functions | |
void | check_no_subscribers () const noexcept |
Private Attributes | |
double | h |
std::vector< Tensor< 1, dim > > | ht |
DifferenceFormula | formula |
numbers::NumberTraits< double >::real_type | time |
std::atomic< unsigned int > | counter |
std::map< std::string, unsigned int > | counter_map |
std::vector< std::atomic< bool > * > | validity_pointers |
const std::type_info * | object_info |
Threads::ThreadLocalStorage< internal::FunctionParser::ParserData > | parser_data |
std::map< std::string, double > | constants |
std::vector< std::string > | var_names |
bool | initialized |
unsigned int | n_vars |
Static Private Attributes | |
static std::mutex | mutex |
This class implements a function object that gets its value by parsing a string describing this function. It is a wrapper class for the muparser library (see https://beltoforion.de/en/muparser/). This class lets you evaluate strings such as "sqrt(1-x^2+y^2)" for given values of 'x' and 'y'. Please refer to the muparser documentation for more information. This class is used in the step-33 and step-36 tutorial programs (the latter being much simpler to understand).
In addition to the built-in functions of muparser, namely
this class also supports the following operations:
if(condition, then-value, else-value)
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and &
(logic or and and)int(x)
, ceil(x)
, floor(x)
(rounding)cot(x)
, csc(x)
, sec(x)
pow(x,n)
, log(x)
erfc(x)
rand()
, rand_seed(seed)
if(condition, then-value, else-value)
syntax evaluates all three arguments before determining whether the condition is true, and then discarding either the "then" or the "else" expressions. In almost all situations, this is not a problem except if the evaluation of one of the expressions throws a floating point exception in cases where it will later be discarded. (Assuming floating point exceptions are switched on, as is the default for deal.II in debug mode on most systems.) An example would be the expression if(x>0, sqrt(x), 0)
which is mathematically well defined, but on systems where this is enabled will abort the program with a floating point exception when evaluated with a negative x
. This is because the square root of x
is computed before the if
statement's condition is considered to determine whether the result should be the second or third argument. If this kind of behavior is a problem, you can resort to the muparser built-in syntax (condition ? then-value : else-value)
, using the ternary syntax familiar to C++ programmers. If this syntax is used, muparser uses lazy evaluation in which only one of the branches is evaluated, depending on whether the condition
is true or false.The following examples shows how to use this class:
The second example is a bit more complex:
This class overloads the virtual methods value() and vector_value() of the Function base class with the byte compiled versions of the expressions given to the initialize() methods. Note that the class will not work unless you first call the initialize() method that accepts the text description of the function as an argument (among other things).
The syntax to describe a function follows usual programming practice, and is explained in detail at the homepage of the underlying muparser library at https://beltoforion.de/en/muparser/.
If you would like to check that muparser is parsing your functions correctly, and to evaluate the functions at given parameter values, you may consider running your expressions through pymuparser (https://github.com/bobmyhill/pymuparser), which can be installed using pip (python -m pip install pymuparser). This module also allows users to define functions not included in MuParser, such as the extended library provided by deal.II.
For a wrapper of the FunctionParser class that supports ParameterHandler, see Functions::ParsedFunction.
Vector-valued functions can either be declared using strings where the function components are separated by semicolons, or using a vector of strings each defining one vector component.
An example of time dependent scalar function is the following:
The following is another example of how to instantiate a vector valued function by using a single string:
Definition at line 224 of file function_parser.h.
using FunctionParser< dim >::ConstMap = std::map<std::string, double> |
Type for the constant map. Used by the initialize() method.
Definition at line 282 of file function_parser.h.
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inherited |
The scalar-valued real type used for representing time.
Definition at line 168 of file function.h.
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privateinherited |
The data type used in counter_map.
Definition at line 229 of file subscriptor.h.
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privateinherited |
The iterator type used in counter_map.
Definition at line 234 of file subscriptor.h.
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inherited |
Names of difference formulas.
Definition at line 87 of file auto_derivative_function.h.
FunctionParser< dim >::FunctionParser | ( | const unsigned int | n_components = 1, |
const double | initial_time = 0.0, | ||
const double | h = 1e-8 ) |
Constructor. Its arguments are the same of the base class Function, with the additional parameter h
, used for the computation of gradients using finite differences. This object needs to be initialized with the initialize() method before you can use it. If an attempt to use this function is made before the initialize() method has been called, then an exception is thrown.
Definition at line 38 of file function_parser.cc.
FunctionParser< dim >::FunctionParser | ( | const std::string & | expression, |
const std::string & | constants = "", | ||
const std::string & | variable_names = default_variable_names() + ",t", | ||
const double | h = 1e-8 ) |
Constructor for parsed functions. Takes directly a semi-colon separated list of expressions (one for each component of the function), an optional comma-separated list of constants, variable names and step size for the computation of first order derivatives by finite differences.
Definition at line 46 of file function_parser.cc.
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delete |
Copy constructor. Objects of this type can not be copied, and consequently this constructor is deleted.
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delete |
Move constructor. Objects of this type can not be moved, and consequently this constructor is deleted.
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delete |
Copy operator. Objects of this type can not be copied, and consequently this operator is deleted.
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delete |
Move operator. Objects of this type can not be moved, and consequently this operator is deleted.
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overridevirtual |
Initialize the object by setting the actual parsed functions.
[in] | vars | a string with the variables that will be used by the expressions to be evaluated. Note that the variables can have any name (of course different from the function names defined above!), but the order IS important. The first variable will correspond to the first component of the point in which the function is evaluated, the second variable to the second component and so forth. If this function is also time dependent, then it is necessary to specify it by setting the time_dependent parameter to true. An exception is thrown if the number of variables specified here is different from dim (if this function is not time-dependent) or from dim+1 (if it is time-dependent). |
[in] | expressions | a list of strings containing the expressions that will be byte compiled by the internal parser (muParser). Note that the size of this vector must match exactly the number of components of the FunctionParser, as declared in the constructor. If this is not the case, an exception is thrown. |
[in] | constants | a map of constants used to pass any necessary constant that we want to specify in our expressions (in the example above the number pi). An expression is valid if and only if it contains only defined variables and defined constants (other than the functions specified above). If a constant is given whose name is not valid (eg: constants["sin"] = 1.5; ) an exception is thrown. |
[in] | time_dependent | If this is a time dependent function, then the last variable declared in vars is assumed to be the time variable, and FunctionTime::get_time() is used to initialize it when evaluating the function. Naturally the number of variables parsed by initialize() in this case is dim+1. The value of this parameter defaults to false, i.e., do not consider time. |
Reimplemented from internal::FunctionParser::ParserImplementation< dim, double >.
Definition at line 73 of file function_parser.cc.
void FunctionParser< dim >::initialize | ( | const std::string & | vars, |
const std::string & | expression, | ||
const ConstMap & | constants, | ||
const bool | time_dependent = false ) |
Initialize the function. Same as above, but accepts a string rather than a vector of strings. If this is a vector valued function, its components are expected to be separated by a semicolon. An exception is thrown if this method is called and the number of components successfully parsed does not match the number of components of the base function.
Definition at line 88 of file function_parser.cc.
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static |
A function that returns default names for variables, to be used in the first argument of the initialize() functions: it returns "x" in 1d, "x,y" in 2d, and "x,y,z" in 3d.
Definition at line 384 of file function_parser.h.
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overridevirtual |
Return the value of the function at the given point. Unless there is only one component (i.e., the function is scalar), you should state the component you want to have evaluated; it defaults to zero, i.e., the first component.
Reimplemented from Function< dim, RangeNumberType >.
Definition at line 103 of file function_parser.cc.
const std::vector< std::string > & FunctionParser< dim >::get_expressions | ( | ) | const |
Return an array of function expressions (one per component), used to initialize this function.
Definition at line 30 of file function_parser.cc.
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inherited |
Choose the difference formula. See the enum DifferenceFormula for available choices.
Definition at line 42 of file auto_derivative_function.cc.
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inherited |
Takes the difference step size h
. It's within the user's responsibility to choose an appropriate value here. h
should be chosen taking into account the absolute value of as well as the amount of local variation of the function. Setting h=1e-6
might be a good choice for functions with an absolute value of about 1, that furthermore does not vary to much.
Definition at line 64 of file auto_derivative_function.cc.
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overridevirtualinherited |
Return the gradient of the specified component of the function at the given point.
Compute numerical difference quotients using the preset DifferenceFormula.
Reimplemented from Function< dim, RangeNumberType >.
Definition at line 74 of file auto_derivative_function.cc.
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overridevirtualinherited |
Return the gradient of all components of the function at the given point.
Compute numerical difference quotients using the preset DifferenceFormula.
Definition at line 126 of file auto_derivative_function.cc.
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virtualinherited |
Return the gradient of all components of the function at the given point.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >.
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overridevirtualinherited |
Set gradients
to the gradients of the specified component of the function at the points
. It is assumed that gradients
already has the right size, i.e. the same size as the points
array.
Compute numerical difference quotients using the preset DifferenceFormula.
Definition at line 203 of file auto_derivative_function.cc.
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virtualinherited |
Set gradients
to the gradients of the specified component of the function at the points
. It is assumed that gradients
already has the right size, i.e. the same size as the points
array.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >.
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overridevirtualinherited |
Set gradients
to the gradients of the function at the points
, for all components. It is assumed that gradients
already has the right size, i.e. the same size as the points
array.
The outer loop over gradients
is over the points in the list, the inner loop over the different components of the function.
Compute numerical difference quotients using the preset DifferenceFormula.
Definition at line 267 of file auto_derivative_function.cc.
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virtualinherited |
Set gradients
to the gradients of the function at the points
, for all components. It is assumed that gradients
already has the right size, i.e. the same size as the points
array.
The outer loop over gradients
is over the points in the list, the inner loop over the different components of the function.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >.
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staticinherited |
Return a DifferenceFormula of the order ord
at minimum.
Definition at line 335 of file auto_derivative_function.cc.
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virtualinherited |
Return all components of a vector-valued function at a given point.
values
shall have the right size beforehand, i.e. n_components.
The default implementation will call value() for each component.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >.
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virtualinherited |
Set values
to the point values of the specified component of the function at the points
. It is assumed that values
already has the right size, i.e. the same size as the points
array.
By default, this function repeatedly calls value() for each point separately, to fill the output array.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >.
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virtualinherited |
Set values
to the point values of the function at the points
. It is assumed that values
already has the right size, i.e. the same size as the points
array, and that all elements be vectors with the same number of components as this function has.
By default, this function repeatedly calls vector_value() for each point separately, to fill the output array.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >.
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virtualinherited |
For each component of the function, fill a vector of values, one for each point.
The default implementation of this function in Function calls value_list() for each component. In order to improve performance, this can be reimplemented in derived classes to speed up performance.
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virtualinherited |
For each component of the function, fill a vector of gradient values, one for each point.
The default implementation of this function in Function calls value_list() for each component. In order to improve performance, this can be reimplemented in derived classes to speed up performance.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Laplacian of a given component at point p
.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >, Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >, Functions::CosineFunction< dim >, Functions::CosineGradFunction< dim >, Functions::CSpline< dim >, Functions::ExpFunction< dim >, Functions::FEFieldFunction< dim, VectorType, spacedim >, Functions::FourierCosineFunction< dim >, Functions::FourierCosineSum< dim >, Functions::FourierSineFunction< dim >, Functions::FourierSineSum< dim >, Functions::IdentityFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >, Functions::JumpFunction< dim >, Functions::PillowFunction< dim >, Functions::Q1WedgeFunction< dim >, Functions::SlitSingularityFunction< dim >, Functions::SquareFunction< dim >, and Functions::SymbolicFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Laplacian of all components at point p
and store them in values
.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Laplacian of one component at a set of points.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Laplacians of all components at a set of points.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Hessian of a given component at point p
, that is the gradient of the gradient of the function.
Reimplemented in Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >, Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >, Functions::CoordinateRestriction< dim >, Functions::CosineFunction< dim >, Functions::CSpline< dim >, Functions::IdentityFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >, Functions::SignedDistance::Plane< dim >, Functions::SignedDistance::Sphere< dim >, Functions::Spherical< dim >, Functions::SymbolicFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >, and NonMatching::internal::DiscreteQuadratureGeneratorImplementation::RefSpaceFEFieldFunction< dim, VectorType >.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Hessian of all components at point p
and store them in values
.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Hessian of one component at a set of points.
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virtualinherited |
Compute the Hessians of all components at a set of points.
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virtualinherited |
Return an estimate for the memory consumption, in bytes, of this object.
This function is virtual and can be overloaded by derived classes.
Reimplemented in ComponentSelectFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >, FunctionDerivative< dim >, Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, RangeNumberType >, Functions::ConstantFunction< dim, double >, Functions::CSpline< dim >, Functions::FlowFunction< dim >, Functions::FlowFunction< 2 >, Functions::InterpolatedTensorProductGridData< dim >, Functions::InterpolatedUniformGridData< dim >, Functions::JumpFunction< dim >, Functions::Polynomial< dim >, and Functions::Spherical< dim >.
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inherited |
Return the value of the time variable.
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virtualinherited |
Set the time to new_time
, overwriting the old value.
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virtualinherited |
Advance the time by the given time step delta_t
.
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inherited |
Subscribes a user of the object by storing the pointer validity
. The subscriber may be identified by text supplied as identifier
.
Definition at line 135 of file subscriptor.cc.
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inherited |
Unsubscribes a user from the object.
identifier
and the validity
pointer must be the same as the one supplied to subscribe(). Definition at line 155 of file subscriptor.cc.
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inlineinherited |
Return the present number of subscriptions to this object. This allows to use this class for reference counted lifetime determination where the last one to unsubscribe also deletes the object.
Definition at line 300 of file subscriptor.h.
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inlineinherited |
List the subscribers to the input stream
.
Definition at line 317 of file subscriptor.h.
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inherited |
List the subscribers to deallog
.
Definition at line 203 of file subscriptor.cc.
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inlineinherited |
Read or write the data of this object to or from a stream for the purpose of serialization using the BOOST serialization library.
This function does not actually serialize any of the member variables of this class. The reason is that what this class stores is only who subscribes to this object, but who does so at the time of storing the contents of this object does not necessarily have anything to do with who subscribes to the object when it is restored. Consequently, we do not want to overwrite the subscribers at the time of restoring, and then there is no reason to write the subscribers out in the first place.
Definition at line 309 of file subscriptor.h.
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privatenoexceptinherited |
Check that there are no objects subscribing to this object. If this check passes then it is safe to destroy the current object. It this check fails then this function will either abort or print an error message to deallog (by using the AssertNothrow mechanism), but will not throw an exception.
Definition at line 52 of file subscriptor.cc.
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inherited |
Set up the internal muParser objects to parse and evaluate mathematical expressions.
Definition at line 180 of file mu_parser_internal.cc.
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inherited |
Compute the value of a single component.
Definition at line 186 of file mu_parser_internal.cc.
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inherited |
Compute the values of all components.
Definition at line 194 of file mu_parser_internal.cc.
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privateinherited |
Step size of the difference formula. Set by the set_h() function.
Definition at line 222 of file auto_derivative_function.h.
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privateinherited |
Includes the unit vectors scaled by h
.
Definition at line 227 of file auto_derivative_function.h.
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privateinherited |
Difference formula. Set by the set_formula() function.
Definition at line 232 of file auto_derivative_function.h.
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staticconstexprinherited |
Export the value of the template parameter as a static member constant. Sometimes useful for some expression template programming.
Definition at line 158 of file function.h.
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inherited |
Number of vector components.
Definition at line 163 of file function.h.
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privateinherited |
Store the present time.
Definition at line 112 of file function_time.h.
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mutableprivateinherited |
Store the number of objects which subscribed to this object. Initially, this number is zero, and upon destruction it shall be zero again (i.e. all objects which subscribed should have unsubscribed again).
The creator (and owner) of an object is counted in the map below if HE manages to supply identification.
We use the mutable
keyword in order to allow subscription to constant objects also.
This counter may be read from and written to concurrently in multithreaded code: hence we use the std::atomic
class template.
Definition at line 218 of file subscriptor.h.
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mutableprivateinherited |
In this map, we count subscriptions for each different identification string supplied to subscribe().
Definition at line 224 of file subscriptor.h.
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mutableprivateinherited |
In this vector, we store pointers to the validity bool in the SmartPointer objects that subscribe to this class.
Definition at line 240 of file subscriptor.h.
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mutableprivateinherited |
Pointer to the typeinfo object of this object, from which we can later deduce the class name. Since this information on the derived class is neither available in the destructor, nor in the constructor, we obtain it in between and store it here.
Definition at line 248 of file subscriptor.h.
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staticprivateinherited |
A mutex used to ensure data consistency when accessing the mutable
members of this class. This lock is used in the subscribe() and unsubscribe() functions, as well as in list_subscribers()
.
Definition at line 271 of file subscriptor.h.
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inherited |
An array of function expressions (one per component), required to initialize tfp in each thread.
Definition at line 202 of file mu_parser_internal.h.
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mutableprivateinherited |
The muParser objects (hidden with the PIMPL idiom) for each thread (and one for each component).
Definition at line 210 of file mu_parser_internal.h.
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privateinherited |
An array to keep track of all the constants, required to initialize fp in each thread.
Definition at line 216 of file mu_parser_internal.h.
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privateinherited |
An array for the variable names, required to initialize fp in each thread.
Definition at line 222 of file mu_parser_internal.h.
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privateinherited |
State of usability. This variable is checked every time the function is called for evaluation. It's set to true in the initialize() methods.
Definition at line 228 of file mu_parser_internal.h.
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privateinherited |
Number of variables. If this is also a function of time, then the number of variables is dim+1, otherwise it is dim. In the case that this is a time dependent function, the time is supposed to be the last variable. If n_vars is not identical to the number of the variables parsed by the initialize() method, then an exception is thrown.
Definition at line 237 of file mu_parser_internal.h.