Reference documentation for deal.II version 9.3.3
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Public Member Functions | Static Public Member Functions | Protected Member Functions | Protected Attributes | Private Attributes | List of all members
DataOutReader< dim, spacedim > Class Template Reference

#include <deal.II/base/data_out_base.h>

Inheritance diagram for DataOutReader< dim, spacedim >:
[legend]

Public Member Functions

void read (std::istream &in)
 
void merge (const DataOutReader< dim, spacedim > &other)
 
void write_dx (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_eps (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_gmv (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_gnuplot (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_povray (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_tecplot (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_ucd (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_vtk (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_vtu (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_vtu_in_parallel (const std::string &filename, const MPI_Comm &comm) const
 
void write_pvtu_record (std::ostream &out, const std::vector< std::string > &piece_names) const
 
std::string write_vtu_with_pvtu_record (const std::string &directory, const std::string &filename_without_extension, const unsigned int counter, const MPI_Comm &mpi_communicator, const unsigned int n_digits_for_counter=numbers::invalid_unsigned_int, const unsigned int n_groups=0) const
 
void write_svg (std::ostream &out) const
 
void write_deal_II_intermediate (std::ostream &out) const
 
XDMFEntry create_xdmf_entry (const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter &data_filter, const std::string &h5_filename, const double cur_time, const MPI_Comm &comm) const
 
XDMFEntry create_xdmf_entry (const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter &data_filter, const std::string &h5_mesh_filename, const std::string &h5_solution_filename, const double cur_time, const MPI_Comm &comm) const
 
void write_xdmf_file (const std::vector< XDMFEntry > &entries, const std::string &filename, const MPI_Comm &comm) const
 
void write_hdf5_parallel (const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter &data_filter, const std::string &filename, const MPI_Comm &comm) const
 
void write_hdf5_parallel (const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter &data_filter, const bool write_mesh_file, const std::string &mesh_filename, const std::string &solution_filename, const MPI_Comm &comm) const
 
void write_filtered_data (DataOutBase::DataOutFilter &filtered_data) const
 
void write (std::ostream &out, const DataOutBase::OutputFormat output_format=DataOutBase::default_format) const
 
void set_default_format (const DataOutBase::OutputFormat default_format)
 
void set_flags (const FlagType &flags)
 
std::string default_suffix (const DataOutBase::OutputFormat output_format=DataOutBase::default_format) const
 
void parse_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm)
 
std::size_t memory_consumption () const
 

Static Public Member Functions

static ::ExceptionBaseExcIncompatibleDatasetNames ()
 
static ::ExceptionBaseExcIncompatiblePatchLists ()
 
static ::ExceptionBaseExcIncompatibleDimensions (int arg1, int arg2, int arg3, int arg4)
 
static void declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm)
 

Protected Member Functions

virtual const std::vector<::DataOutBase::Patch< dim, spacedim > > & get_patches () const override
 
virtual std::vector< std::string > get_dataset_names () const override
 
virtual std::vector< std::tuple< unsigned int, unsigned int, std::string, DataComponentInterpretation::DataComponentInterpretation > > get_nonscalar_data_ranges () const override
 
void validate_dataset_names () const
 

Protected Attributes

unsigned int default_subdivisions
 

Private Attributes

std::vector<::DataOutBase::Patch< dim, spacedim > > patches
 
std::vector< std::string > dataset_names
 
std::vector< std::tuple< unsigned int, unsigned int, std::string, DataComponentInterpretation::DataComponentInterpretation > > nonscalar_data_ranges
 
DataOutBase::OutputFormat default_fmt
 
DataOutBase::DXFlags dx_flags
 
DataOutBase::UcdFlags ucd_flags
 
DataOutBase::GnuplotFlags gnuplot_flags
 
DataOutBase::PovrayFlags povray_flags
 
DataOutBase::EpsFlags eps_flags
 
DataOutBase::GmvFlags gmv_flags
 
DataOutBase::TecplotFlags tecplot_flags
 
DataOutBase::VtkFlags vtk_flags
 
DataOutBase::SvgFlags svg_flags
 
DataOutBase::Deal_II_IntermediateFlags deal_II_intermediate_flags
 

Detailed Description

template<int dim, int spacedim = dim>
class DataOutReader< dim, spacedim >

A class that is used to read data written in deal.II intermediate format back in, so that it can be written out in any of the other supported graphics formats. This class has two main purposes:

The first use of this class is so that application programs can defer the decision of which graphics format to use until after the program has been run. The data is written in intermediate format into a file, and later on it can then be converted into any graphics format you wish. This may be useful, for example, if you want to convert it to gnuplot format to get a quick glimpse and later on want to convert it to OpenDX format as well to get a high quality version of the data. The present class allows to read this intermediate format back into the program, and allows it to be written in any other supported format using the relevant functions of the base class.

The second use is mostly useful in parallel programs: rather than having one central process generate the graphical output for the entire program, one can let each process generate the graphical data for the cells it owns, and write it into a separate file in intermediate format. Later on, all these intermediate files can then be read back in and merged together, a process that is fast compared to generating the data in the first place. The use of the intermediate format is mostly because it allows separate files to be merged, while this is almost impossible once the data has been written out in any of the supported established graphics formats.

This second use scenario is explained in some detail in the step-18 example program.

In order to read data back into this object, you have to know the template parameters for the space dimension which were used when writing the data. If this knowledge is available at compile time, then this is no problem. However, if it is not (such as in a simple format converter), then it needs to be figured out at run time, even though the compiler already needs it at compile time. A way around using the DataOutBase::determine_intermediate_format_dimensions() function.

Note that the intermediate format is what its name suggests: a direct representation of internal data. It isn't standardized and will change whenever we change our internal representation. You can only expect to process files written in this format using the same version of deal.II that was used for writing.

Definition at line 3135 of file data_out_base.h.

Member Function Documentation

◆ write_dx()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_dx ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in OpenDX format. See DataOutBase::write_dx.

Definition at line 2576 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_eps()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_eps ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in EPS format. See DataOutBase::write_eps.

Definition at line 2583 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_gmv()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_gmv ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in GMV format. See DataOutBase::write_gmv.

Definition at line 2590 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_gnuplot()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_gnuplot ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in GNUPLOT format. See DataOutBase::write_gnuplot.

Definition at line 2597 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_povray()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_povray ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in POVRAY format. See DataOutBase::write_povray.

Definition at line 2604 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_tecplot()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_tecplot ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in Tecplot format. See DataOutBase::write_tecplot.

Definition at line 2611 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_ucd()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_ucd ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in UCD format for AVS. See DataOutBase::write_ucd.

Definition at line 2618 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_vtk()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_vtk ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in Vtk format. See DataOutBase::write_vtk.

Note
VTK is a legacy format and has largely been supplanted by the VTU format (an XML-structured version of VTK). In particular, VTU allows for the compression of data and consequently leads to much smaller file sizes that equivalent VTK files for large files. Since all visualization programs that support VTK also support VTU, you should consider using the latter file format instead, by using the write_vtu() function.

Definition at line 2632 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_vtu()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_vtu ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in Vtu (VTK's XML) format. See DataOutBase::write_vtu.

Some visualization programs, such as ParaView, can read several separate VTU files to parallelize visualization. In that case, you need a .pvtu file that describes which VTU files form a group. The DataOutInterface::write_pvtu_record() function can generate such a centralized record. Likewise, DataOutInterface::write_visit_record() does the same for older versions of VisIt (although VisIt can also read pvtu records since version 2.5.1). Finally, DataOutInterface::write_pvd_record() can be used to group together the files that jointly make up a time dependent simulation.

Definition at line 2649 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_vtu_in_parallel()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_vtu_in_parallel ( const std::string &  filename,
const MPI_Comm comm 
) const
inherited

Collective MPI call to write the solution from all participating nodes (those in the given communicator) to a single compressed .vtu file on a shared file system. The communicator can be a sub communicator of the one used by the computation. This routine uses MPI I/O to achieve high performance on parallel filesystems. Also see DataOutInterface::write_vtu().

Definition at line 2660 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_pvtu_record()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_pvtu_record ( std::ostream &  out,
const std::vector< std::string > &  piece_names 
) const
inherited

Some visualization programs, such as ParaView, can read several separate VTU files that all form part of the same simulation, in order to parallelize visualization. In that case, you need a .pvtu file that describes which VTU files (written, for example, through the DataOutInterface::write_vtu() function) form a group. The current function can generate such a centralized record.

The central record file generated by this function contains a list of (scalar or vector) fields that describes which fields can actually be found in the individual files that comprise the set of parallel VTU files along with the names of these files. This function gets the names and types of fields through the get_dataset_names() and get_nonscalar_data_ranges() functions of this class. The second argument to this function specifies the names of the files that form the parallel set.

Note
Use DataOutBase::write_vtu() and DataOutInterface::write_vtu() for writing each piece. Also note that only one parallel process needs to call the current function, listing the names of the files written by all parallel processes.
The use of this function is explained in step-40.
In order to tell Paraview to group together multiple pvtu files that each describe one time step of a time dependent simulation, see the DataOutBase::write_pvd_record() function.
Older versions of VisIt (before 2.5.1), can not read pvtu records. However, it can read visit records as written by the write_visit_record() function.

Definition at line 2697 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_vtu_with_pvtu_record()

std::string DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_vtu_with_pvtu_record ( const std::string &  directory,
const std::string &  filename_without_extension,
const unsigned int  counter,
const MPI_Comm mpi_communicator,
const unsigned int  n_digits_for_counter = numbers::invalid_unsigned_int,
const unsigned int  n_groups = 0 
) const
inherited

This function writes several .vtu files and a .pvtu record in parallel and constructs the filenames automatically. It is a combination of DataOutInterface::write_vtu() or DataOutInterface::write_vtu_in_parallel(), and DataOutInterface::write_pvtu_record().

For example, running write_vtu_with_pvtu_record("output/", "solution", 3, comm, 4, 2) on 10 processes generates the files

output/solution_0003.0.vtu
output/solution_0003.1.vtu
output/solution_0003.pvtu

where the .0.vtu file contains the output of the first half of the processes grouped together, and the .1.vtu the data from the remaining half.

A specified directory and a filename_without_extension form the first part of the filename. The filename is then extended with a counter labeling the current timestep/iteration/etc., the processor ID, and finally the .vtu/.pvtu ending. Since the number of timesteps to be written depends on the application, the number of digits to be reserved in the filename can be specified as parameter n_digits_for_counter, and the number is not padded with leading zeros if this parameter is left at its default value numbers::invalid_unsigned_int. If more than one file identifier is needed (e.g. time step number and iteration counter of solver), the last identifier is used as counter, while all other identifiers have to be added to filename_without_extension when calling this function.

In a parallel setting, several files are typically written per time step. The number of files written in parallel depends on the number of MPI processes (see parameter mpi_communicator), and a specified number of n_groups with default value 0. The background is that VTU file output supports grouping files from several CPUs into a given number of files using MPI I/O when writing on a parallel filesystem. The default value of n_groups is 0, meaning that every MPI rank will write one file. A value of 1 will generate one big file containing the solution over the whole domain, while a larger value will create n_groups files (but not more than there are MPI ranks).

Note that only one processor needs to generate the .pvtu file, where processor zero is chosen to take over this job.

The return value is the filename of the centralized file for the pvtu record.

Note
The code simply combines the strings directory and filename_without_extension, i.e., the user has to make sure that directory contains a trailing character, e.g. "/", that separates the directory from the filename.
Use an empty string "" for the first argument if output is to be written in the current working directory.

Definition at line 2759 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_svg()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_svg ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in SVG format. See DataOutBase::write_svg.

Definition at line 2772 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_deal_II_intermediate()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_deal_II_intermediate ( std::ostream &  out) const
inherited

Obtain data through get_patches() and write it to out in deal.II intermediate format. See DataOutBase::write_deal_II_intermediate.

Note that the intermediate format is what its name suggests: a direct representation of internal data. It isn't standardized and will change whenever we change our internal representation. You can only expect to process files written in this format using the same version of deal.II that was used for writing.

Definition at line 2785 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ create_xdmf_entry() [1/2]

XDMFEntry DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::create_xdmf_entry ( const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter data_filter,
const std::string &  h5_filename,
const double  cur_time,
const MPI_Comm comm 
) const
inherited

Create an XDMFEntry based on the data in the data_filter. This assumes the mesh and solution data were written to a single file. See write_xdmf_file() for an example of usage.

Definition at line 2793 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ create_xdmf_entry() [2/2]

XDMFEntry DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::create_xdmf_entry ( const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter data_filter,
const std::string &  h5_mesh_filename,
const std::string &  h5_solution_filename,
const double  cur_time,
const MPI_Comm comm 
) const
inherited

Create an XDMFEntry based on the data in the data_filter. This assumes the mesh and solution data were written to separate files. See write_xdmf_file() for an example of usage.

Definition at line 2804 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_xdmf_file()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_xdmf_file ( const std::vector< XDMFEntry > &  entries,
const std::string &  filename,
const MPI_Comm comm 
) const
inherited

Write an XDMF file based on the provided vector of XDMFEntry objects. Below is an example of how to use this function with HDF5 and the DataOutFilter:

DataOutBase::DataOutFilter data_filter(flags);
std::vector<XDMFEntry> xdmf_entries;
// Filter the data and store it in data_filter
data_out.write_filtered_data(data_filter);
// Write the filtered data to HDF5
data_out.write_hdf5_parallel(data_filter, "solution.h5", MPI_COMM_WORLD);
// Create an XDMF entry detailing the HDF5 file
auto new_xdmf_entry = data_out.create_xdmf_entry(data_filter,
"solution.h5",
simulation_time,
MPI_COMM_WORLD);
// Add the XDMF entry to the list
xdmf_entries.push_back(new_xdmf_entry);
// Create an XDMF file from all stored entries
data_out.write_xdmf_file(xdmf_entries, "solution.xdmf", MPI_COMM_WORLD);

Definition at line 2835 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_hdf5_parallel() [1/2]

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_hdf5_parallel ( const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter data_filter,
const std::string &  filename,
const MPI_Comm comm 
) const
inherited

Write the data in data_filter to a single HDF5 file containing both the mesh and solution values. Below is an example of how to use this function with the DataOutFilter:

DataOutBase::DataOutFilter data_filter(flags);
// Filter the data and store it in data_filter
data_out.write_filtered_data(data_filter);
// Write the filtered data to HDF5
data_out.write_hdf5_parallel(data_filter, "solution.h5", MPI_COMM_WORLD);

Definition at line 2854 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_hdf5_parallel() [2/2]

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_hdf5_parallel ( const DataOutBase::DataOutFilter data_filter,
const bool  write_mesh_file,
const std::string &  mesh_filename,
const std::string &  solution_filename,
const MPI_Comm comm 
) const
inherited

Write the data in data_filter to HDF5 file(s). If write_mesh_file is false, the mesh data will not be written and the solution file will contain only the solution values. If write_mesh_file is true and the filenames are the same, the resulting file will contain both mesh data and solution values.

Definition at line 2866 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write_filtered_data()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write_filtered_data ( DataOutBase::DataOutFilter filtered_data) const
inherited

DataOutFilter is an intermediate data format that reduces the amount of data that will be written to files. The object filled by this function can then later be used again to write data in a concrete file format; see, for example, DataOutBase::write_hdf5_parallel().

Definition at line 2879 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ write()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::write ( std::ostream &  out,
const DataOutBase::OutputFormat  output_format = DataOutBase::default_format 
) const
inherited

Write data and grid to out according to the given data format. This function simply calls the appropriate write_* function. If no output format is requested, the default_format is written.

An error occurs if no format is provided and the default format is default_format.

Definition at line 2891 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ set_default_format()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::set_default_format ( const DataOutBase::OutputFormat  default_format)
inherited

Set the default format. The value set here is used anytime, output for format default_format is requested.

Definition at line 2900 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ set_flags()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::set_flags ( const FlagType &  flags)
inherited

Set the flags to be used for output. This method expects flags to be a member of one of the child classes of OutputFlagsBase.

Definition at line 2909 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ default_suffix()

std::string DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::default_suffix ( const DataOutBase::OutputFormat  output_format = DataOutBase::default_format) const
inherited

A function that returns the same string as the respective function in the base class does; the only exception being that if the parameter is omitted, then the value for the present default format is returned, i.e. the correct suffix for the format that was set through set_default_format() or parse_parameters() before calling this function.

Definition at line 2920 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ declare_parameters()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::declare_parameters ( ParameterHandler prm)
staticinherited

Declare parameters for all output formats by declaring subsections within the parameter file for each output format and call the respective declare_parameters functions of the flag classes for each output format.

Some of the declared subsections may not contain entries, if the respective format does not export any flags.

Note that the top-level parameters denoting the number of subdivisions per patch and the output format are not declared, since they are only passed to virtual functions and are not stored inside objects of this type. You have to declare them yourself.

Definition at line 2938 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ parse_parameters()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::parse_parameters ( ParameterHandler prm)
inherited

Read the parameters declared in declare_parameters() and set the flags for the output formats accordingly.

The flags thus obtained overwrite all previous contents of the flag objects as default-constructed or set by the set_flags() function.

Definition at line 2948 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ memory_consumption()

std::size_t DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::memory_consumption
inherited

Return an estimate for the memory consumption, in bytes, of this object. This is not exact (but will usually be close) because calculating the memory usage of trees (e.g., std::map) is difficult.

Definition at line 2956 of file data_out_base.cc.

◆ validate_dataset_names()

void DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::validate_dataset_names
protectedinherited

Validate that the names of the datasets returned by get_dataset_names() and get_nonscalar_data_ranges() are valid. This currently consists of checking that names are not used more than once. If an invalid state is encountered, an Assert() will be triggered in debug mode.

Definition at line 3008 of file data_out_base.cc.

Member Data Documentation

◆ default_subdivisions

unsigned int DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::default_subdivisions
protectedinherited

The default number of subdivisions for patches. This is filled by parse_parameters() and should be obeyed by build_patches() in derived classes.

Definition at line 3016 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ default_fmt

DataOutBase::OutputFormat DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::default_fmt
privateinherited

Standard output format. Use this format, if output format default_format is requested. It can be changed by the set_format function or in a parameter file.

Definition at line 3024 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ dx_flags

DataOutBase::DXFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::dx_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of OpenDX data. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3030 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ ucd_flags

DataOutBase::UcdFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::ucd_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of UCD data. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3036 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ gnuplot_flags

DataOutBase::GnuplotFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::gnuplot_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of GNUPLOT data. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3042 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ povray_flags

DataOutBase::PovrayFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::povray_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of POVRAY data. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3048 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ eps_flags

DataOutBase::EpsFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::eps_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of EPS data in one space dimension. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3054 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ gmv_flags

DataOutBase::GmvFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::gmv_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of gmv data in one space dimension. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3060 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ tecplot_flags

DataOutBase::TecplotFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::tecplot_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of Tecplot data in one space dimension. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3066 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ vtk_flags

DataOutBase::VtkFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::vtk_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of vtk data in one space dimension. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3072 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ svg_flags

DataOutBase::SvgFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::svg_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of svg data in one space dimension. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3078 of file data_out_base.h.

◆ deal_II_intermediate_flags

DataOutBase::Deal_II_IntermediateFlags DataOutInterface< dim, spacedim >::deal_II_intermediate_flags
privateinherited

Flags to be used upon output of deal.II intermediate data in one space dimension. Can be changed by using the set_flags function.

Definition at line 3084 of file data_out_base.h.


The documentation for this class was generated from the following files: